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Peine forte et dure (Law French for "hard and forceful punishment") was a method of torture formerly used in the common law legal system, in which a defendant who refused to plead ("stood mute") would be subjected to having heavier and heavier stones placed upon their chest until a plea was entered, or death resulted.
Peine forte et dure (Law French for "forceful and hard punishment") was a method of torture formerly used in the common law legal system, in which a defendant who refused to plead ("stood mute") would be subjected to having heavier and heavier stones placed upon his or her chest until a plea was entered, or as the weight of the stones on the chest became too great for the condemned to breathe ...
Often, some form of a plug, or more simply, a piece of fruit, was placed in the victim's mouth and nose beforehand, so they couldn't get a good breath before being dunked. If the victim confessed they would most likely be killed. This method was widely used during the Spanish Inquisition and in England and France.
peine forte et dure: strong and harsh punishment torture, in particular to force a defendant to enter a plea. per my et per tout: by half and by the whole describes a joint tenancy: by the half for purposes of survivorship, by the whole for purposes of alienation. petit jury "small jury" a trial jury, now usually just referred to as a jury ...
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The murder, they discover, is a 16th-century torture, the peine forte et dure, and after a second body is found – an elderly woman burnt at the stake – they realise that someone has started a witch hunt and is now killing suspected witches in Whitechapel.
The punishment peine forte et dure for a refusal to plead in London. Engraving published in the 1780 edition of the Malefactor's Register or Newgate Calendar During the 13 January 1721 session at the Old Bailey Court, William Spiggot and Thomas Phillips (alias Cross) were judged for highway robberies and violent thefts.
The Statute of Westminster of 1275 (), also known as the Statute of Westminster I, codified the existing law in England, into 51 chapters.Chapter 5 (which mandates free elections) is still in force in the United Kingdom [1] and the Australian state of Victoria [2] whilst part of Chapter 1 remains in force in New Zealand. [3]