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Switzerland features a system of government not seen in any other nation: direct representation, sometimes called half-direct democracy (this may be arguable, because theoretically, the sovereign of Switzerland is actually its entire electorate). [14] Referendums on the most important laws have been used since the 1848 constitution.
The Swiss Confederation is a semi-direct democracy (representative democracy with strong instruments of direct democracy). [30] The nature of direct democracy in Switzerland is fundamentally complemented by its federal governmental structures (in German also called the Subsidiaritätsprinzip). [5] [6] [7] [8]
Switzerland's voting system is unique among modern democratic nations in that Switzerland practises direct democracy in parallel with representative democracy, which is why the Swiss system is known as a semi-direct democracy. [2] Direct democracy allows any citizen to challenge any law approved by the parliament or, at any time, propose a ...
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The Landsgemeinde is an old form of direct democracy, still in practice in two cantons. Direct democracy and federalism are hallmarks of the Swiss political system defined in the Swiss constitution. [97] The Swiss people are subject to three legal jurisdictions: the municipal, cantonal and federal levels.
This is a list of political parties in Switzerland. Switzerland has a multi-party system. Since 1959, the four largest parties have formed a coalition government, according to a Zauberformel or "magic formula". This arithmetic formula divides the seven cabinet seats among representatives of the four largest parties. [1]
The 1999 Constitution of Switzerland consists of a preamble and six parts, which together make up 196 articles. [ 3 ] It provides an explicit provision for nine fundamental rights, which up until then had only been discussed and debated in the Federal Court.
Direct democracy: Government in which the people represent themselves and vote directly for new laws and public policy. Switzerland (semi-direct) Electocracy: A form of representative democracy where citizens are able to vote for their government but cannot participate directly in governmental decision making. The government has almost absolute ...