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Ibn Khaldun (/ ˈ ɪ b ən h æ l ˈ d uː n / IH-bun hal-DOON; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī, Arabic: [ibn xalduːn]; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab [11] [12] sociologist, philosopher, and historian [13] [14] widely acknowledged to be ...
Khaldun departs from the classical style of Arab historians by synthesising multiple, sometimes contradictory, sources without citations. [7] He reproduces some errors originating probably from his 14th-century Fez source, the work Rawḍ al-Qirṭās by Ibn Abi Zar , yet Al-'Ibar remains an invaluable source of Berber history .
Ibn Khaldun on economic growth Perhaps the best known Islamic scholar who wrote about economics was Ibn Khaldun of Tunisia (1332–1406), [ 79 ] who is considered a forerunner of modern economists. [ 80 ] [ 81 ] Ibn Khaldun wrote on economic and political theory in the introduction, or Muqaddimah ( Prolegomena ), of his History of the World ...
Ibn Khaldun was an Islamic jurist and discussed the topics of sharia (Islamic law) and fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) in his Muqaddimah. Ibn Khaldun wrote that "Jurisprudence is the knowledge of the classification of the laws of God." In regards to jurisprudence, he acknowledged the inevitability of change in all aspects of a community, and wrote:
Islamic economics grew naturally from the Islamic revival and political Islam whose adherents considered Islam to be a complete system of life in all its aspects, rather than a spiritual formula [86] and believed that it logically followed that Islam must have an economic system, unique from and superior to non-Islamic economic systems.
Until Joseph J. Spengler's 1964 work "Economic Thought of Islam: Ibn Khaldun", [22] Adam Smith (1723–1790) was considered the "Father of Economics". Spengler highlighted the work of Arab scholar Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) of Tunisia, though what influence Khaldun had in the West is unclear.
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
Our Economy (اقتصادنا, Iqtisaduna) is a foundational work on Islamic economics by the celebrated Shia cleric and martyr (shahid) Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr. [1]The book was written in Arabic between 1960 and 1961, and published in 1982.