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Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the five elements and seven principles of floral design. [1]
For example, the bamboo, the peach tree, and the pear tree symbolized longevity. The tiger lily, the pomegranate, and the orchid symbolized fertility. The most honored of all flowers was the peony. Considered the “king of flowers”, it symbolized wealth, good fortune, and high status.
A floral diagram is a graphic representation of the structure of a flower. It shows the number of floral organs, their arrangement and fusion. Different parts of the flower are represented by their respective symbols. Floral diagrams are useful for flower identification or can help in understanding angiosperm evolution.
The term derives from ros, applied decoration or embellishment, decorative, decorated [rosut, rosute, rosete, rosa] and å male, to paint.The first element can also be interpreted as a reference to the rose flower, but the floral elements are often so stylized that no specific flower is identifiable, and are absent in some designs.
Floral formulae are one of the two ways of describing flower structure developed during the 19th century, the other being floral diagrams. [2] The format of floral formulae differs according to the tastes of particular authors and periods, yet they tend to convey the same information. [1] A floral formula is often used along with a floral diagram.
For example, in Egyptian art, such as frescoes and reliefs, humans were often depicted with clear proportions and arranged positions symbolizing harmony and beauty. Art and architecture played a vital role in preserving ma'at by conveying cosmological ideas, spiritual messages, and moral values to people.
Twisting and curving line forms have a long history in art and design. Whiplash curves have similarities with the arabesque design, used particularly in Islamic art, such as the ceramic tiles of the mosque of Samarkand in Central Asia. Curvilinear design is a noticeable element of Gothic architecture, in, for example, church window tracery.
For example, a work of art is said to be aesthetically pleasing to the eye if the elements within the work are arranged in a balanced compositional way. [10] However, there are artists such as Salvador Dalí who aim to disrupt traditional composition and challenge the viewer to rethink balance and design elements within art works.