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Database design is the organization of data according to a database model. The designer determines what data must be stored and how the data elements interrelate. With this information, they can begin to fit the data to the database model. [1] A database management system manages the data accordingly.
Around the 1970s/1980s the term information engineering methodology (IEM) was created to describe database design and the use of software for data analysis and processing. [3] [4] These techniques were intended to be used by database administrators (DBAs) and by systems analysts based upon an understanding of the operational processing needs of organizations for the 1980s.
Analysis refers to dividing a whole into its separate components for individual examination. [10] Data analysis is a process for obtaining raw data, and subsequently converting it into information useful for decision-making by users. [1] Data is collected and analyzed to answer questions, test hypotheses, or disprove theories. [11]
Data modeling during systems analysis: In systems analysis logical data models are created as part of the development of new databases. Data modeling is also used as a technique for detailing business requirements for specific databases. It is sometimes called database modeling because a data model is eventually implemented in a database. [4]
Evolutionary database design involves incremental improvements to the database schema so that it can be continuously updated with changes, reflecting the customer's requirements. People across the globe work on the same piece of software at the same time hence, there is a need for techniques that allow a smooth evolution of database as the ...
The data management plan describes the activities to be conducted in the course of processing data. Key topics to cover include the SOPs to be followed, the clinical data management system (CDMS) to be used, description of data sources, data handling processes, data transfer formats and process, and quality control procedure
Normalization is a database design technique, which is used to design a relational database table up to higher normal form. [9] The process is progressive, and a higher level of database normalization cannot be achieved unless the previous levels have been satisfied.
The technology plan is focused on the actual tangible elements to be used in the implementation of the data architecture design. Physical data architecture encompasses database architecture. Database architecture is a schema of the actual database technology that would support the designed data architecture.