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Xuan paper, Shuen paper, or rice paper, is a kind of paper originating in ancient China used for writing and painting. Xuan paper is renowned for being soft and fine-textured, suitable for conveying the artistic expression of both Chinese calligraphy and painting .
The paper used as the leaves is usually xuan paper (宣紙). This is an absorbent paper used in traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. Stronger and better quality papers may be used for more detailed works that involve multicoloured woodblock printing. The covers tend to be a stronger type of paper which is dyed dark blue.
There are two different kinds of Xuan paper. One is called Shu Xuan paper (cooked rice paper). It is usually used for Gongbi. Another kind is Sheng Xuan paper (raw rice paper). It is usually used for Xieyi ( 'sketch-thought style painting'). The soft paper is able to absorb water well, best used for Chinese painting and calligraphy. [3]
Xuan paper is a special kind of paper that can absorb the ink and water. There are raw paper and ripe paper under this type and each kind has particular function for Chinese traditional painting. Raw paper is the main material of free hand brush work for it has better absorbency and is more solid.
Paper is frequently sold together with a paperweight and desk pad. Some people insist that Chinese calligraphy should use special papers, such as Xuan paper, Maobian paper, Lianshi paper etc. Any modern papers can be used for brush writing. Because of the long-term uses, Xuan paper became well known by most Chinese calligraphers.
Xuan writing brush or Xuanbi (simplified Chinese: 宣笔; traditional Chinese: 宣筆; pinyin: Xuān Bǐ), is a type of ink brush made in Anhui Province, China. Xuan brushes are often used and mentioned together with Xuan paper , a kind of writing rice-paper.