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The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, and the effects of climate change on the water cycle. Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand . [ 1 ]
The WHO (2006) stated that, in 2004, only 16% of people in sub-Saharan Africa had access to drinking water through a household connection (an indoor tap or a tap in the yard). Even when there is available water in these places, there is poor access to readily accessible drinking water as there are risks of contamination due to several factors.
The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, and the effects of climate change on the water cycle. Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand . [ 125 ]
Drinking water contaminated with feces: Produces dysentery-like symptoms along with a high fever. Usually lasts 2–10 days. Cholera: Spread by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae: Drinking water contaminated with the bacterium In severe forms it is known to be one of the most rapidly fatal illnesses known.
Share of the population without access to an improved water source, 2020. Global access to clean water is a significant global challenge that affects the health, well-being, and development of people worldwide. While progress has been made in recent years, millions of people still lack access to safe and clean drinking water sources.
Only 46 percent of the DRC's population had access to an improved drinking water source in 2012, [1] compared to an average of 60 percent in Sub-Saharan Africa. [5] Sanitation coverage was estimated at only 31 percent in 2012. [2] The lack of safe drinking water and poor sanitary conditions pose a major risk to public health.
It also has aggravated the country's lack of access to clean drinking water which leaves most of the non-elite population suffering from disease. Around 240 million people suffer from schistosomiasis which occurs because of parasitic worms that may be contracted through drinking infested waters. [70]
Lesotho is a mountainous and fairly 'water-rich country', but suffers from a lack of clean drinking water due to inadequate sanitation. In recent decades, with the construction of dams for the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), Lesotho has become the main provider of water to parts of northern South Africa. Despite the economic and ...