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The boundaries of the United States and neighboring nations as they appeared in 1843 Mexican General López de Santa Anna's surrender to Sam Houston. Spanish and indigenous immigrants, primarily from northeastern provinces of New Spain, began to settle Texas in the late 17th century.
Texas' annexation as a state that tolerated slavery had caused tension in the United States among slave states and those that did not allow slavery. The tension was partially defused with the Compromise of 1850, in which Texas ceded some of its territory to the federal government to become non-slave-owning areas but gained El Paso.
Spain – Texas relations refers to the historical foreign relations between the Spanish Empire and the Republic of Texas, which began unofficially around 1839, when Spain refused to assist Mexico in the reconquest of Texas. [1] The relations ended in 1846, with the annexation of Texas to the United States of America. [2]
The Republic of Texas (Spanish: República de Tejas), or simply Texas, was a country in North America. [3] It existed for close to 10 years, from March 2, 1836 to February 19, 1846. Texas shared borders with Mexico, the Republic of the Rio Grande, and the United States. The Republic had engaged in some complex relations with various nations.
On 5 December 1843, new treaties were signed that restored Yucatán relations with Mexico, but Yucatán continued to govern itself under its own laws and leaders. In 1845, Mexican President José Joaquín de Herrera set aside those treaties and again raised tensions between Yucatán and Mexico.
Following Mexico's independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, the population of Texas included only 4,000 Tejanos. [1] The new Mexican government, eager to populate the region, encouraged foreigners, including residents of the United States, to help settle the region; by 1830 the number of American settlers in Texas topped 30,000. [2]
The citizens of Texas approved an annexation ordinance and a new constitution on October 13. [citation needed] On December 29, 1845, the United States admitted the State of Texas to the Union (Joint Resolution for the admission of the state of Texas into the Union, Joint Resolution 1, enacted December 29, 1845, 9 Stat. 108).
Two months later, Mexico agreed to recognize the Republic of Texas as long as there was no annexation to the United States. [314] On July 4, 1845, Texians voted for annexation. [ 315 ] This prompted the Mexican–American War , in which Mexico lost almost 55 percent of its territory to the United States and formally relinquished its claim on Texas.