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In civil engineering, concrete leveling is a procedure that attempts to correct an uneven concrete surface by altering the foundation that the surface sits upon. It is a cheaper alternative to having replacement concrete poured and is commonly performed at small businesses and private homes as well as at factories, warehouses, airports and on roads, highways and other infrastructure.
5 Recommended Guide Lines for Concrete Mix Design IS 10262 – 1982 (F) Curing Compound; 1 Standard test method for water retention & daylight reflection test on concrete. ASTM-C-156809 2 The standard method of test for the effect of organic materials in fine aggregate on strength of mortar. ASTM-C. 87-69
Logo of Eurocode 2 An example of a concrete structure. In the Eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures (abbreviated EN 1992 or, informally, EC 2) specifies technical rules for the design of concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures, using the limit state design philosophy.
Self-leveling concrete was invented in 1952 by Axel Karlsson from Sweden. The first product was a combination of wood glue, fine sand and cement with additives. [1] It was called flytspackel, which directly translates to "floating putty". The term self-leveling can be traced back to a patent applied by the company Lafarge in 1997. [2]
The other standard method of levelling in construction and surveying is called trigonometric levelling, which is preferred when levelling "out" to a number of points from one stationary point. This is done by using a total station , or any other instrument to read the vertical, or zenith angle to the rod, and the change in elevation is ...
Admixtures can be used to reduce water requirements, entrain air into a mixture, to improve surface durability, or even superplasticise concrete to make it self-levelling, as self-consolidating concrete, [14] the use of admixtures requires precision in dosing and mix design, which is more difficult without the dosing/measuring equipment and ...
Gypsum concrete is a building material used as a floor underlay [45] used in wood-frame and concrete construction for fire ratings, [45] sound reduction, [45] radiant heating, [46] and floor leveling. It is a mixture of gypsum, Portland cement, and sand. [45] One of its advantages is the lightweight nature.
However, the fill material is still necessary to support the curing concrete and its reinforcement. There are two common methods of filling - controlled fill and rolled fill. [13] Controlled fill: Fill material is compacted in several layers by a vibrating plate or roller. Sand fills areas up to around 800 mm deep, and clay may be used to fill ...