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The transverse metatarsal ligament is a narrow band which runs across and connects together the heads of all the metatarsal bones. It is blended anteriorly with the plantar (glenoid) ligaments of the metatarsophalangeal articulations.
It is caused by compression of the tibial nerve underneath the flexor retinaculum of the foot. [1] People with tarsal tunnel syndrome have pain in the plantar aspect of the foot mostly at night. Weight bearing increases pain and weakness is found on intrinsic foot muscles with positive Tinel sign at the tunnel. There is no tenderness present on ...
Flexor: the toes curve down and inwards, and the foot inverts; this is the response seen in healthy adults. Indifferent: there is no response. This is called the neutral response, and has no clinical significance, as it does not rule out pathology. [5] Extensor: the hallux dorsiflexes, and the other toes fan out.
The flexor retinaculum of the foot extends from the medial malleolus above, to the calcaneus below. [1] This converts a series of bony grooves into canals for the passage of the tendons of the flexor muscles and the posterior tibial vessels and tibial nerve into the sole of the foot, known as the tarsal tunnel.
The tendon of the extensor digitorum longus muscle extends the MTP joint by using the plantar fibro aponeurotic structure as a sling. The muscle becomes a deforming force if the MTP joint is held in an extended position over a long time, such as in a high-heeled footwear. The muscle extends at the IP joints when the MTP joint is flexed or in ...
Enthesitis is inflammation of the entheses (singular: enthesis), the sites where tendons, ligaments and joint capsules attach to bones. [1] [2]It is a type of enthesopathy, meaning any pathologic condition of the entheses, with or without inflammation.