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  2. Bohr radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_radius

    The Bohr radius (⁠ ⁠) is a physical constant, approximately equal to the most probable distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state. It is named after Niels Bohr , due to its role in the Bohr model of an atom.

  3. Atomic radii of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radii_of_the...

    For more recent data on covalent radii see Covalent radius. Just as atomic units are given in terms of the atomic mass unit (approximately the proton mass), the physically appropriate unit of length here is the Bohr radius, which is the radius of a hydrogen atom. The Bohr radius is consequently known as the "atomic unit of length".

  4. Bohr model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model

    The Bohr model of the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1), where the negatively charged electron confined to an atomic shell encircles a small, positively charged atomic nucleus and where an electron jumps between orbits, is accompanied by an emitted or absorbed amount of electromagnetic energy (hν). [1]

  5. Atomic radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radius

    The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atom, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost isolated electron. Since the boundary is not a well-defined physical entity, there are various non-equivalent definitions of atomic radius.

  6. Atomic units - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_units

    Atomic units are chosen to reflect the properties of electrons in atoms, which is particularly clear in the classical Bohr model of the hydrogen atom for the bound electron in its ground state: Mass = 1 a.u. of mass; Charge = −1 a.u. of charge; Orbital radius = 1 a.u. of length; Orbital velocity = 1 a.u. of velocity [44]: 597

  7. Bohr–Sommerfeld model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr–Sommerfeld_model

    The Bohr–Sommerfeld model (also known as the Sommerfeld model or Bohr–Sommerfeld theory) was an extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits of electrons around an atomic nucleus. Bohr–Sommerfeld theory is named after Danish physicist Niels Bohr and German physicist Arnold Sommerfeld .

  8. Relativistic quantum chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_quantum_chemistry

    Bohr calculated that a 1s orbital electron of a hydrogen atom orbiting at the Bohr radius of 0.0529 nm travels at nearly 1/137 the speed of light. [11] One can extend this to a larger element with an atomic number Z by using the expression v ≈ Z c 137 {\displaystyle v\approx {\frac {Zc}{137}}} for a 1s electron, where v is its radial velocity ...

  9. Fine structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine_structure

    For the hydrogen atom, =, =, and = (+ /), where is the elementary charge, is the vacuum permittivity, is the Bohr radius, is the principal quantum number, is the azimuthal quantum number and is the distance of the electron from the nucleus.