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  2. Semiconductor laser theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_laser_theory

    In semiconductor laser theory, the optical gain is produced in a semiconductor material. The choice of material depends on the desired wavelength and properties such as modulation speed. It may be a bulk semiconductor, but more often a quantum heterostructure. Pumping may be electrically or optically . All these structures can be described in a ...

  3. Furnace anneal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furnace_anneal

    The damage caused can be repaired by subjecting the crystal to high temperature. This process is called annealing. Furnace anneals may be integrated into other furnace processing steps, such as oxidations, or may be processed on their own. Furnace anneals are performed by equipment especially built to heat semiconductor wafers. Furnaces are ...

  4. Laser-assisted device alteration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-assisted_device...

    The device being tested is electrically stimulated and the device output is monitored. This technique is applied to the back side of the semiconductor device, thereby allowing direct access of the laser to the device active diffusion regions. The effect of the laser on the active transistor region is to generate a localized photocurrent. This ...

  5. Thermal laser stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_laser_stimulation

    As the laser locally heats a defective area on a metal line which is carrying a current, the resulting resistance changes can be detected by monitoring the input current to the device. OBIRCH is useful for detecting electromigration effects resulting in open metal lines. A constant voltage is applied to the device-under-test (DUT). An area of ...

  6. Rapid thermal processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_thermal_processing

    Rapid thermal processing (RTP) is a semiconductor manufacturing process which heats silicon wafers to temperatures exceeding 1,000°C for not more than a few seconds. During cooling wafer temperatures must be brought down slowly to prevent dislocations and wafer breakage due to thermal shock.

  7. Annealing (materials science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annealing_(materials_science)

    The amount of process-initiating Gibbs free energy in a deformed metal is also reduced by the annealing process. In practice and industry, this reduction of Gibbs free energy is termed stress relief. [citation needed] The relief of internal stresses is a thermodynamically spontaneous process; however, at room temperatures, it is a very slow ...

  8. Low-temperature polycrystalline silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-temperature...

    XeCl Excimer-Laser Annealing (ELA) is the first key method to produce p-Si by melting a-Si material through laser irradiation. The counterpart of a-Si, polycrystalline silicon, which can be synthesized from amorphous silicon by certain procedures, has several advantages over widely used a-Si TFT: High electron mobility rate;

  9. Nonlinear theory of semiconductor lasers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_theory_of...

    The resulting dependence of g on the energy flux has been called the main nonlinear effect in semiconductor lasers; [1] [2] derivation of this relation formula is presented in. [1] [2] Experimental wavelength shift versus normalized current (J/Jth), and the output power versus current have been simulated for a high-power laser with a quantum ...