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The Golden Bull of 1356 (Czech: Zlatá bula, German: Goldene Bulle, German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔldənə ˈbʊlə] ⓘ, Latin: Bulla Aurea, Italian: Bolla d'oro) was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz, 1356/57) headed by the Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of ...
The term was originally coined for the golden seal (a bulla aurea), attached to the decree, but came to be applied to the entire decree. Such decrees were known as golden bulls in western Europe and chrysobullos logos , or chrysobulls, in the Byzantine Empire (χρυσός, chrysos , being Greek for gold ).
The Golden Bull of Sicily (Czech: Zlatá bula sicilská; Latin: Bulla Aurea Siciliæ) was a decree issued by the King of Sicily and future Emperor Frederick II in Basel on 26 September 1212 that confirmed the royal title obtained by Ottokar I of Bohemia in 1198, declaring him and his heirs kings of Bohemia.
Bulla Aurea Ended papal sanctions against King John in England and the Lordship of Ireland in exchange for that realm's pledge of fealty to the papacy. [10] [11] This bull confirmed John's royal charter of 3 October 1213 bearing a golden seal, sometimes called the Bulla Aurea. [12]
Rudolf's greatest success came on 4 October 1355 when the emperor drafted the Golden Bull, the bulla aurea Saxonica, defining the future law of the Empire. This bull stipulated primogeniture for all electorates: they were declared indivisible; the eldest son inherits the entire principality, or, if an elector has no sons, an elector's younger ...
On Wednesday, Matthew Cannon's college-age daughter forwarded him a request from delivery company DHL asking for duties and fees of $45.19 tied to her order from Australian fashion seller I.Am.Gia ...
A baby boomer putting money into a piggy bank. Following the Second World War, baby boomers benefited en masse from the economic boom that followed, with the U.S. coming out of the war as the true ...
When, in 1213, John surrendered his kingdoms of England and Ireland to the Pope, William was one of the witnesses to the "Bulla Aurea." In the following year, William gave surety on behalf of the king for the payment of a yearly tribute of 1,000 marks. In the same year, 1214, the King granted the Earl the royal castle of Harestan (Horsley ...