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A molecular sieve is a material with pores (voids or holes), having uniform size comparable to that of individual molecules, linking the interior of the solid to its exterior. These materials embody the molecular sieve effect, the preferential sieving of molecules larger than the pores.
Size-exclusion chromatography, also known as molecular sieve chromatography, [1] is a chromatographic method in which molecules in solution are separated by their shape, and in some cases size. [2] It is usually applied to large molecules or macromolecular complexes such as proteins and industrial polymers . [ 3 ]
The researchers who invented these types of particles planned to use them as molecular sieves. Today, mesoporous silica nanoparticles have many applications in medicine , biosensors , [ 14 ] thermal energy storage, [ 15 ] water/gas filtration [ 16 ] and imaging.
The typical molecular sieve used is a synthetic zeolite with a pore diameter around 0.4 nanometer ( Type 4A ) and a surface area of about 500 m 2 /g. The sorption pump contains between 300 g and 1.2 kg of molecular sieve. A 15-liter system will be pumped down to about 10 −2 mbar by 300 g molecular sieve. [1]
Once the calibration curve is obtained, the gel permeation chromatogram of any other polymer can be obtained in the same solvent and the molecular weights (usually M n and M w) and the complete molecular weight distribution for the polymer can be determined. A typical calibration curve is shown to the right and the molecular weight from an ...
For example, the major molecular sieves, 3A, 4A and 5A, are all LTA (Linde Type A). Most commercially available natural zeolites are of the MOR, HEU or ANA-types. An example of the notation of the ring structure of zeolite and other silicate materials is shown in the upper right figure.
In 1956 Flanigen began working on molecular sieves. [4] Molecular sieves are crystal compounds with molecular sized pores that can filter or separate very complex substances. Edith Flanigen is best known as the inventor of zeolite Y, a specific molecular sieve. Zeolite Y was a certain type of molecular sieve that could refine petroleum.
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