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In mathematics, a binary quadratic form is a quadratic homogeneous polynomial in two variables (,) = + +,where a, b, c are the coefficients.When the coefficients can be arbitrary complex numbers, most results are not specific to the case of two variables, so they are described in quadratic form.
2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole has been known since the 19th century. It is readily prepared in at least 85% yield from o-phenylenediamine by reaction with two equivalents of thionyl chloride in pyridine. The by-products are sulfur dioxide and HCl. [1] There are a number of alternative methods used to make this heterocycle and these have been reviewed.
In the absence of protic solvent, this dimer collapses to form 1,2-diols. In the presence of a proton source, however, the dimer may undergo either disproportionation to form a samarium alkoxide and carbonyl compound, or protonation to form a carbinol radical ii followed by a second reduction and protonation, yielding an alcohol. (5)
Samarium(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula SmI 2. When employed as a solution for organic synthesis, it is known as Kagan's reagent. SmI 2 is a green solid and forms a dark blue solution in THF. [1] It is a strong one-electron reducing agent that is used in organic synthesis.
The compound can effect regioselective conjugate reductions of various carbonyl derivatives including unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, and esters.This reagent was assigned as the "Reagent of the year" in 1991 for its functional group tolerance, high overall efficiency, and mild reaction conditions in the reduction reactions.
Reductive elimination is an elementary step in organometallic chemistry in which the oxidation state of the metal center decreases while forming a new covalent bond between two ligands. It is the microscopic reverse of oxidative addition, and is often the product-forming step in many catalytic processes. Since oxidative addition and reductive ...
CBS reduction of sulfone in MK-0417 synthesis. Asymmetric reduction of a 1,1,1-trichloro-2-keto compound is the first stage of the Corey–Link reaction for synthesis of amino acids and related structures with a choice of either natural or un-natural stereochemistry and various side-chains.
This reductive coupling can be viewed as involving two steps. First is the formation of a pinacolate (1,2- diolate ) complex, a step which is equivalent to the pinacol coupling reaction . The second step is the deoxygenation of the pinacolate, which yields the alkene , this second step exploits the oxophilicity of titanium.