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  2. Mott insulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott_insulator

    In general, Mott insulators occur when the repulsive Coulomb potential U is large enough to create an energy gap. One of the simplest theories of Mott insulators is the 1963 Hubbard model. The crossover from a metal to a Mott insulator as U is increased, can be predicted within the so-called dynamical mean field theory.

  3. Metal–insulator transition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal–insulator_transition

    Since then, these materials as well as others exhibiting a transition between a metal and an insulator have been extensively studied, e.g. by Sir Nevill Mott, after whom the insulating state is named Mott insulator. The first metal-insulator transition to be found was the Verwey transition of magnetite in the 1940s. [3]

  4. Bose–Hubbard model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose–Hubbard_model

    The Bose glass is a Griffiths phase, and can be thought of as a Mott insulator containing rare 'puddles' of superfluid. These superfluid pools are not interconnected, so the system remains insulating, but their presence significantly changes model thermodynamics.

  5. Hubbard model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubbard_model

    For example, the Hubbard model correctly predicts the existence of Mott insulators: materials that are insulating due to the strong repulsion between electrons, even though they satisfy the usual criteria for conductors, such as having an odd number of electrons per unit cell.

  6. Strongly correlated material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongly_correlated_material

    The perovskite structure of BSCCO, a high-temperature superconductor and a strongly correlated material.. Strongly correlated materials are a wide class of compounds that include insulators and electronic materials, and show unusual (often technologically useful) electronic and magnetic properties, such as metal-insulator transitions, heavy fermion behavior, half-metallicity, and spin-charge ...

  7. Exciton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

    An exciton is a bound state of an electron and an electron hole which are attracted to each other by the electrostatic Coulomb force resulting from their opposite charges. It is an electrically neutral quasiparticle regarded as an elementary excitation primarily in condensed matter, such as insulators, semiconductors, some metals, and in some liquids.

  8. Resonating valence bond theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonating_valence_bond_theory

    In condensed matter physics, the resonating valence bond theory (RVB) is a theoretical model that attempts to describe high-temperature superconductivity, and in particular the superconductivity in cuprate compounds. It was first proposed by an American physicist P. W. Anderson and Indian theoretical physicist Ganapathy Baskaran in 1987.

  9. Charge-transfer insulators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge-transfer_insulators

    Charge-transfer insulators are a class of materials predicted to be conductors following conventional band theory, but which are in fact insulators due to a charge-transfer process. Unlike in Mott insulators , where the insulating properties arise from electrons hopping between unit cells, the electrons in charge-transfer insulators move ...