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Dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي ḏimmī, IPA:, collectively أهل الذمة ʾahl aḏ-ḏimmah / dhimmah "the people of the covenant") or muʿāhid (معاهد) is a historical [1] term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection.
(Arabic; موالي) A classical term for a non-Arab Muslim. Fell out of use after the Abbasid revolution. [21] Mleccha ; A Vedic Sanskrit term for a non-Aryan person. In recent times has taken on a derogatory meaning for non-Hindus.
Kafir (Arabic: كَافِر, romanized: kāfir; plural: كَافِرُون kāfirūn, كُفَّار kuffār, or كَفَرَة kafara; feminine: كَافِرَة kāfira; feminine plural: كَافِرَات kāfirāt or كَوَافِر kawāfir) is an Arabic term in Islam which refers to a person who disbelieves the God in Islam, denies his ...
Arabic term for the holy book called The Gospel said to have been given to Jesus, who is known as Isa in Arabic; Muslims believe the holy book has been corrupted and modified, and the New Testament gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) are not the word of Allah, only Christian stories about Jesus. ʾIn shāʾa -llāh (إن شاء الله)
Nonetheless, such names are accepted in some areas. Its use is not exclusive to Muslims and throughout all Arab countries, the name Abdel-Massih, "Servant of Christ", is a common Christian last name. Converts to Islam may often continue using the native non-Arabic non-Islamic names that are without any polytheistic connotation, or association.
Jizya (Arabic: جِزْيَة, romanized: jizya), or jizyah, [1] is a type of taxation historically levied on non-Muslim subjects of a state governed by Islamic law. [2] The Quran and hadiths mention jizya without specifying its rate or amount, [ 3 ] and the application of jizya varied in the course of Islamic history .
Arabic is a language cluster comprising 30 or so modern varieties. [1] Arabic is the lingua franca of people who live in countries of the Arab world as well as of Arabs who live in the diaspora, particularly in Latin America (especially Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Chile and Colombia) or Western Europe (like France, Spain, Germany or Italy).
The inclusion of non-Arab ethnicities among the Sahabah, and among the early Muslims as a whole, contributed to the definition of Islam's nature as a universal religion instead of an ethnic religion. The following is a list of non-Arab Sahabah during the 7th century.