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Edward John Mostyn Bowlby (/ ˈ b oʊ l b i /; 26 February 1907 – 2 September 1990) was a British psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst, notable for his interest in child development and for his pioneering work in attachment theory. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Bowlby as the 49th most cited psychologist of the ...
Some authors have noted the connection of attachment theory with Western family and child care patterns characteristic of Bowlby's time. The implication of this connection is that attachment-related experiences (and perhaps attachment itself) may alter as young children's experience of care change historically.
In 1988, Bowlby published a series of lectures indicating how attachment theory and research could be used in understanding and treating child and family disorders. His focus for bringing about change was the parents' internal working models, parenting behaviours and the parents' relationship with the therapeutic intervenor. [ 241 ]
Bowlby proposed that proximity-seeking behaviour evolved out of selection pressure. [4] In the context of survival, a healthy internal working model helps the infant to maintain proximity to their caregiver in the face of threat or danger. [7] This is especially important for species with prolonged periods of development, like humans.
John Bowlby, a British psychoanalyst, is credited with establishing attachment theory. From about 1930 to the 1950's, Bowlby and others worked on building the foundations to understand that a child is impacted by their caregiving environment. He elegantly integrated those efforts with his ideas and incorporated a number of other disciplines to ...
Attachment theory began with evolutionary psychologist John Bowlby in 1969. Attachment theory was initially grounded in the observation that human beings appear to be born with an innate psychobiological system (the "attachment behavioral system") that motivates them to seek proximity to significant others (attachment figures). [1]
Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby founded modern attachment theory on studies of children and their caregivers. Children and caregivers remained the primary focus of attachment theory for many years. In the 1980s, Sue Johnson [3] began using attachment theory in adult therapy. Cindy Hazan and Phillip Shaver continued to conduct research on ...
According to Zeanah, "ethological attachment theory, as outlined by John Bowlby ... 1969 to 1980 ... has provided one of the most important frameworks for understanding crucial risk and protective factors in social and emotional development in the first 3 years of life. Bowlby's (1951) monograph, Maternal Care and Mental Health, reviewed the ...