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Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halocarbon with the formula C 2 HCl 3, commonly used as an industrial metal degreasing solvent. It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like pleasant mild smell [3] and sweet taste. [9] Its IUPAC name is trichloroethene. Trichloroethylene has been sold under a variety of trade names.
The plant hormone ethylene is a combatant for salinity in most plants. Ethylene is known for regulating plant growth and development and adapted to stress conditions through a complex signal transduction pathway. Central membrane proteins in plants, such as ETO2, ERS1 and EIN2, are used for ethylene signaling in many plant growth processes.
Ethylene chemical structure. Ethylene signaling pathway is a signal transduction in plant cells to regulate important growth and developmental processes. [1] [2] Acting as a plant hormone, the gas ethylene is responsible for promoting the germination of seeds, ripening of fruits, the opening of flowers, the abscission (or shedding) of leaves and stress responses. [3]
Some organochlorides are considered safe enough for consumption in foods and medicines. For example, peas and broad beans contain the natural chlorinated plant hormone 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA); [16] [17] and the sweetener sucralose (Splenda) is widely used in diet products.
The flower Arabidopsis and the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi possess different GA pathways and enzymes. [8] P450s in fungi perform functions analogous to the functions of KAOs in plants. [ 20 ] The function of CPS and KS in plants is performed by a single enzyme in fungi (CPS/KS).
The mevalonate pathway (MVA pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway) and the MEP pathway are metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors: IPP and DMAPP. Whereas plants use both MVA and MEP pathway, most organisms only use one of the pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors.
The research shortened photosynthetic pathways in tobacco. Engineered crops grew taller and faster, yielding up to 40% more biomass. The study employed synthetic biology to construct new metabolic pathways and assessed their efficiency with and without transporter RNAi. The most efficient pathway increased light-use efficiency by 17%. [15]
log 10 of Trichloroethylene vapor pressure. Uses formula: log e P m m H g = {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=} log e ( 760 101.325 ) − 3.586434 log e ( T + 273.15 ) − 5142.974 T + 273.15 + 39.83149 + 1.342324 × 10 − 6 ( T + 273.15 ) 2 {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-3.586434\log _{e ...