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Connection termination Detailed TCP close() sequence diagram. The connection termination phase uses a four-way handshake, with each side of the connection terminating independently. When an endpoint wishes to stop its half of the connection, it transmits a FIN packet, which the other end acknowledges with an ACK.
Handshaking is a technique of communication between two entities. However, within TCP/IP RFCs, the term "handshake" is most commonly used to reference the TCP three-way handshake. For example, the term "handshake" is not present in RFCs covering FTP or SMTP. One exception is Transport Layer Security, TLS, setup, FTP RFC 4217.
Cloudflare was able to complete a TCP connection to the origin server, but did not receive a timely HTTP response. 525 SSL Handshake Failed Cloudflare could not negotiate a SSL/TLS handshake with the origin server. 526 Invalid SSL Certificate Cloudflare could not validate the SSL certificate on the origin web server.
In any case, I don't believe anyone ever refers to the connection termination as a handshake and pretty sure never a 3-way or 2-way handshake, but I'm prepared to be proven wrong. ...and we refer IP datagrams, UDP messages and TCP segments, but most people tend to say "packets" and that is generally fine unless one is being particularly pedantic.
Under HTTP 1.0, connections should always be closed by the server after sending the response. [1]Since at least late 1995, [2] developers of popular products (browsers, web servers, etc.) using HTTP/1.0, started to add an unofficial extension (to the protocol) named "keep-alive" in order to allow the reuse of a connection for multiple requests/responses.
A TCP reset attack, also known as a forged TCP reset or spoofed TCP reset, is a way to terminate a TCP connection by sending a forged TCP reset packet. This tampering technique can be used by a firewall or abused by a malicious attacker to interrupt Internet connections.
The three-way handshake is correctly performed. SYN Flood. The attacker (Mallory, green) sends several packets but does not send the "ACK" back to the server. The connections are hence half-opened and consuming server resources. Legitimate user Alice (purple) tries to connect, but the server refuses to open a connection, a denial of service.
TCP offload engine (TOE) is a technology used in some network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet , where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant.