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Caesarean section, also known as C-section, cesarean, or caesarean delivery, is the surgical procedure by which one or more babies are delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen. It is often performed because vaginal delivery would put the mother or child at risk (of paralysis or even death). [ 2 ]
A lower (uterine) segment caesarean section (LSCS) is the most commonly used type of caesarean section. [1] Most commonly, a baby is delivered by making a transverse incision in the lower uterine segment, above the attachment of the urinary bladder to the uterus.
A Pfannenstiel incision for a caesarian section closed with surgical staples.The superior aspect of mons pubis and pubic hair are seen at bottom of the image.. A Pfannenstiel incision / ˈ f ɑː n ɪ n ʃ t iː l /, Kerr incision, Pfannenstiel-Kerr incision [1] or pubic incision is a type of abdominal surgical incision that allows access to the abdomen.
Hysterotomy is a technique used during fetal surgery to access the fetus in the pregnant uterus in order to treat a birth defect such as spina bifida. [13] A standard hysterotomy remains the gold-standard for the closure of a fetal spina bifida because it is the safest and most effective when compared to mini-hysterectomies and a percutaneous ...
Conversely, if the fetus has reached the point of viability, a prompt birth via Caesarean section offers the best chance of survival. [4] Even if there is no reasonable prospect of maternal resuscitation (for example, after a nonsurvivable injury or prolonged cardiac arrest), the procedure can still serve this purpose. [3]
It is similar to the Pfannenstiel incision, another commonly used incision in obstetric surgery. The Joel-Cohen cesarean section technique relies more heavily on blunt dissection than the traditional Pfannenstiel technique. [1] Joel-Cohen technique has lower rates of fever, hospital stay, post-operative pain and blood loss compared to Pfannenstiel.
The court held that a cesarean section at the end of a full-term pregnancy was here deemed to be medically necessary by doctors to avoid a substantial risk that the fetus would die during delivery due to uterine rupture, a risk of 4–6% according to the hospital's doctors and 2% according to Pemberton's doctors.
the incision is usually a classical vertical one, with a greater risk of complications in subsequent pregnancies; the longer duration of the surgery, while the fetal intervention is performed; a second surgery is required days or weeks later – a Caesarean section to deliver the baby, which brings its own set of risks.