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  2. Promissory note - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promissory_note

    A 1926 promissory note from the Imperial Bank of India, Rangoon, Burma for 20,000 rupees plus interest. A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a legal instrument (more particularly, a financing instrument and a debt instrument), in which one party (the maker or issuer) promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other (the payee), [1] subject to any ...

  3. Accord and satisfaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accord_and_satisfaction

    The accord is the agreement to discharge the obligation and the satisfaction is the legal "consideration" which binds the parties to the agreement. A valid accord does not discharge the prior contract; instead it suspends the right to enforce it in accordance with the terms of the accord contract, in which satisfaction, or performance of the ...

  4. D & C Builders Ltd v Rees - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_&_C_Builders_Ltd_v_Rees

    Although in his opinion part payment of debt could satisfy a whole debt, he found that Mrs Rees had effectively held the builders to ransom. Therefore, any variation of the original agreement was voidable at the instance of the debtors for duress. In point of law payment of a lesser sum, whether by cash or by cheque, is no discharge of a ...

  5. Negotiable instrument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negotiable_instrument

    According to section 4 of India's Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, "a Promissory Note is a writing (not being a bank note or currency note), containing an unconditional undertaking, signed by the maker to pay a certain sum of money only to or to the order of a certain person or the bearer of the instrument". [14]

  6. Extinguishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinguishment

    If the creditor recovers a judgment, the original debt is extinguished. [1] However, a trust deed given to secure the payment of a bond is not extinguished by a judgment on the bond since the original debt is not merged by the trust deed. [1] A debt evidenced by a note may be extinguished by a surrender of the note

  7. Bankruptcy discharge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_discharge

    In a Chapter 7 case, the debtor has no absolute right to discharge. A creditor or trustee may file an objection to the discharge of the debt. To object to a discharge, a creditor must file a complaint before the deadline outlined in the notice sent by the bankruptcy court. More than 90% of Chapter 7 debtors receive a discharge of debts. [12]

  8. Pinnel's Case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnel's_Case

    The case law has evolved over the years to create a number of exceptions to the rule in Pinnel's case. [4] The exceptions to the rule in Pinnel's case include: Payment accompanied by fresh consideration; [5] Prepayment of debt at the creditor's request; [2] Payment of a lesser sum at another place at the creditor's request; [2]

  9. Set-off (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-off_(law)

    In law, set-off or netting is a legal technique applied between persons or businesses with mutual rights and liabilities, replacing gross positions with net positions. [1] [2] It permits the rights to be used to discharge the liabilities where cross claims exist between a plaintiff and a respondent, the result being that the gross claims of mutual debt produce a single net claim. [3]