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In immunology, clonal selection theory explains the functions of cells of the immune system (lymphocytes) in response to specific antigens invading the body. The concept was introduced by Australian doctor Frank Macfarlane Burnet in 1957, in an attempt to explain the great diversity of antibodies formed during initiation of the immune response.
The theory is now sometimes known as Burnet's clonal selection theory, [113] which overlooks the contributions of Ehrlich, Jerne, Talmage, and the contributions of Lederberg, who conceptualised the genetics of clonal selection. [114] Burnet's work on graft-versus-host was in collaboration with Lone Simonsen between 1960 and 1962.
This idea is known as clonal selection theory. At the time, many leading scientists including Linus Pauling and James Watson completely rejected the idea, but repeated experimentation intended to disprove the theory actually served to build up a large body of evidence supporting Burnet and Jerne's theory. [1]
Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958. Also published in Japanese. The Integrity of the Body: A Discussion of Modern Immunological Ideas, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1962. Also published in Russian, Polish, Japanese and Italian.
In immunology, clonal deletion is the process of removing T and B lymphocytes from the immune system repertoire. [1] [2] The process of clonal deletion helps prevent recognition and destruction of the self host cells, making it a type of negative selection. Ultimately, clonal deletion plays a role in central tolerance. [3]
In the late 1950s however, the works of three scientists—Jerne, Talmage and Burnet (who largely modified the theory)—gave rise to the clonal selection theory, which proved all the elements of Ehrlich's hypothesis except that the specific receptors that could neutralize the agent were soluble and not membrane-bound. [17] [30]
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1957 – Clonal selection theory (Frank Macfarlane Burnet) 1957 – Discovery of interferon by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann [10] 1958–1962 – Discovery of human leukocyte antigens (Jean Dausset and others) 1959–1962 – Discovery of antibody structure (independently elucidated by Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter)