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In immunology, clonal selection theory explains the functions of cells of the immune system (lymphocytes) in response to specific antigens invading the body. The concept was introduced by Australian doctor Frank Macfarlane Burnet in 1957, in an attempt to explain the great diversity of antibodies formed during initiation of the immune response .
The theory is now sometimes known as Burnet's clonal selection theory, [113] which overlooks the contributions of Ehrlich, Jerne, Talmage, and the contributions of Lederberg, who conceptualised the genetics of clonal selection. [114] Burnet's work on graft-versus-host was in collaboration with Lone Simonsen between 1960 and 1962.
This idea is known as clonal selection theory. At the time, many leading scientists including Linus Pauling and James Watson completely rejected the idea, but repeated experimentation intended to disprove the theory actually served to build up a large body of evidence supporting Burnet and Jerne's theory. [1]
In the late 1950s however, the works of three scientists—Jerne, Talmage and Burnet (who largely modified the theory)—gave rise to the clonal selection theory, which proved all the elements of Ehrlich's hypothesis except that the specific receptors that could neutralize the agent were soluble and not membrane-bound. [17] [30]
A scanning electron microscope image of a single human lymphocyte. The adaptive immune system, AIS, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized cells, organs, and processes that eliminate pathogens specifically.
The process of immunological B-cell maturation involves transformation from an undifferentiated B cell to one that secretes antibodies with particular specificity. [1] This differentiation and activation of the B cell occurs most rapidly after exposure to antigen by antigen-presenting cells in the reticuloendothelial system, and under modulation by T cells, and is closely intertwined with ...
In immunology, clonal deletion is the process of removing T and B lymphocytes from the immune system repertoire. [1] [2] The process of clonal deletion helps prevent recognition and destruction of the self host cells, making it a type of negative selection. Ultimately, clonal deletion plays a role in central tolerance. [3]
David Talmage (1919-2014), clonal selection theory; James S. Tan (1927-2006) Reyes Tamez (1952-) Kevin J. Tracey (1957-) Jan Vilcek (1933-) Ellen Vitetta; Alexander S. Wiener (1907-1976) Don Wiley (1944-2001), crystallography of HLA proteins; Ian Wilson (biologist) Ernst Witebsky (1901-1969), isolation and partial characterization of A and B ...