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A notional-functional syllabus is a way of organizing a language-learning curriculum, rather than a method or an approach to teaching.In a notional-functional syllabus, instruction is not organized in terms of grammatical structure, as had often been done with the audio-lingual method, but instead in terms of "notions" and "functions."
First proposed in the 1970s, [2] AIM was designed to maximize the efficiency of the curriculum development process through the use of computer-based automation tools. [3] Currently, over 300,000 hours of the Navy's instructional materials exist using the AIM system. [2]
In terms of policy, this view sees curriculum frameworks as tools to bridge broad educational goals and the processes to reach them. A humanistic curriculum development perspective holds that for curriculum frameworks to be legitimate, the process of policy dialogue to define educational goals must be participatory and inclusive. [5]
Curriculum studies was created in 1930 and known as the first subdivision of the American Educational Research Association.It was originally created to be able to manage "the transition of the American secondary school from an elite preparatory school to a mass terminal secondary school" until the 1950s when "a preparation for college" became a larger concern. [4]
Understanding by Design, or UbD, is an educational theory for curriculum design of a school subject, where planners look at the desired outcomes at the end of the study in order to design curriculum units, performance assessments, and classroom instruction. [1]
Module Three – Option 1: Extending practice and English language teaching specialism or Option 2: English language teaching management. This module focuses on broadening candidates’ knowledge of a chosen specialism and developing understanding of syllabus design, testing and assessment (Option 1), or of ELT management (Option 2).
[1] [2] [3] Courses include content on "linguistics, endangered indigenous language documentation and revitalization, language and literacy learning, second language teaching and curriculum development, and language policy and planning." [42] CILLDE also maintains an online catalogue of their "books, reports, journals, and learning materials." [43]
Instructional scaffolding is the support given to a student by an instructor throughout the learning process. This support is specifically tailored to each student; this instructional approach allows students to experience student-centered learning, which tends to facilitate more efficient learning than teacher-centered learning.