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Anemia is a condition in which blood has a lower-than-normal amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin. [1] Anemia in pregnancy is a decrease in the total red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood during pregnancy. Anemia is an extremely common condition in pregnancy world-wide, conferring a number of health risks to mother and child. [2]
The TTP leads to platelet trapping (and thrombocytopenia), red blood cell destruction (and anemia), and end organ damage that is characteristically seen with HUS and TTP. [ 34 ] HUS is one of the thrombotic microangiopathies , a category of disorders that includes STEC-HUS, aHUS, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia. β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced.
Hemolytic anemia affects nonhuman species as well as humans. It has been found, in a number of animal species, to result from specific triggers. [51] Some notable cases include hemolytic anemia found in black rhinos kept in captivity, with the disease, in one instance, affecting 20% of captive rhinos at a specific facility.