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Acetazolamide is a first generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and it decreases the ocular fluid and osmolality in the eye to decrease intraocular pressure. [5] [6] Common side effects include numbness, ringing in the ears, loss of appetite, vomiting, and sleepiness. [2]
An undesirable side-effect of acetazolamide is a reduction in aerobic endurance performance. Other minor side effects include a tingle-sensation in hands and feet. Although a sulfonamide, acetazolamide is a non-antibiotic and has not been shown to cause life-threatening allergic cross-reactivity in those with a self-reported sulfonamide allergy.
In juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, it is a second-line therapy, reserved for when the valproates or lamotrigine do not work and when the other second-line therapy, acetazolamide, does not work. [14] The usual dose for seizure disorder is titrated from 100-125 mg/day up to a maintenance dose of 750-1,500 mg/day (maximum daily dosage is 2 g). [15]
New RSV vaccines are now available to help prevent serious infection in people over 60. Doctors explain the RSV vaccine and its side effects in older adults.
Dorzolamide, developed by Merck, was the first medication in human therapy (market introduction 1995) that resulted from structure-based drug design. It was developed to circumvent the systemic side effects of acetazolamide which has to be taken orally. [8]
Sultiame became established as a second-line drug for treatment of partial epilepsy in the 1960s and 1970s and was often used in combination with the established anticonvulsant phenytoin. Temporal lobe seizures appeared particularly responsive to sultiame. Doubts subsequently arose as to whether sultiame has intrinsic anticonvulsant properties.
Kidney function gradually decreases as someone ages. The elderly are also likely to be underweight. In addition, these older people tend to be dehydrated and be taking other medications. These factors increase the likelihood of developing side effects of digoxin and digoxin toxicity. Often lowering the dose is considered by the prescriber. [6]
Maximal aromatase inhibition is said to occur between dosages of 250 to 500 mg per day. [7] The side effects of AG are less frequent and severe at this dosage. [17] However, they are still less when AG is combined with hydrocortisone, and so AG is generally combined with a corticosteroid even at this lower dosage. [17]