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Tilted block faulting, also called rotational block faulting, is a mode of structural evolution in extensional tectonic events, a result of tectonic plates stretching apart. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When the upper lithospheric crust experiences extensional pressures, the brittle crust fractures, creating detachment faults . [ 3 ]
The 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes were caused by earthquakes on the Mississippi River, and represent bank failure caused by tectonic activity in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). [9] The NMSZ is the result of a failed rift system which remains weak today, and thus is prone to faulting and earthquake activity. [ 9 ]
The term topple refers to blocks coming away by rotation from a vertical face. A slide is the movement of a body of material that generally remains intact while moving over one or several inclined surfaces or thin layers of material (also called shear zones) in which large deformations are concentrated.
Mass wasting, also known as mass movement, [1] is a general term for the movement of rock or soil down slopes under the force of gravity. It differs from other processes of erosion in that the debris transported by mass wasting is not entrained in a moving medium, such as water, wind, or ice.
3.1 to 3.8 MCM 0 The landslide along the shore of what later was renamed Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake about 98 miles (158 km) above Grand Coulee Dam generated a tsunami which reached a maximum height of 30 feet (9 m) along the opposite shore 5,000 feet (1,524 m) away. [79] 16 Aug 1945 Mantaro Valley, Peru Kuntur Sinqa rockslide 5.5 MCM
It can also be significant in coastal areas when sea level falls after a storm tide, or when the water level of a reservoir or even a natural lake rapidly falls. The most famous example of this is the Vajont failure, when a rapid decline in lake level contributed to the occurrence of a landslide that killed over 2000 people. Numerous huge ...
An example is the calculation of the rotational kinetic energy of the Earth. As the Earth has a sidereal rotation period of 23.93 hours, it has an angular velocity of 7.29 × 10 −5 rad·s −1. [2] The Earth has a moment of inertia, I = 8.04 × 10 37 kg·m 2. [3] Therefore, it has a rotational kinetic energy of 2.14 × 10 29 J.
This flows downslope as it "collapses to the base of the exposure". [12] The floor or base of the retrogressive thaw slump is covered in then sediment—mudflows and braided hills. [9] As the headscarp progressively retreats, the slump floor extends. [9] As the slopes thaw, the ice-rich permafrost is exposed and turns into a mud slurry. [12]