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3C 454.3 is a blazar (a type of quasar with a jet oriented toward Earth) located away from the galactic plane.It is one of the brightest gamma ray sources in the sky, [2] and is one of the most luminous astronomical object ever observed, with a maximum absolute magnitude of -31.4. [3]
PKS 0537-441 is found violently variable on the electromagnetic spectrum at all frequencies, [9] and is a source of gamma ray emission. [10] [11] Between December 2004 and March 2005, it underwent intense activity showing more than 4 magnitudes in a V filter in 50 days and 2.5 in 10 days. [12]
A blazar is an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with a relativistic jet (a jet composed of ionized matter traveling at nearly the speed of light) directed very nearly towards an observer. Relativistic beaming of electromagnetic radiation from the jet makes blazars appear much brighter than they would be if the jet were pointed in a direction away ...
A BL Lacertae object or BL Lac object is a type of active galactic nucleus (AGN) or a galaxy with such an AGN, named after its prototype, BL Lacertae. In contrast to other types of active galactic nuclei, BL Lacs are characterized by rapid and large-amplitude flux variability and significant optical polarization. [ 1 ]
3C 345 has been known to fluctuate in brightness. For example, it brightened from magnitude 17.2 to 16.0 between 10 April 2018 and 8 May 2018 when observed in R band. [7] A bright GeV gamma-ray flare was observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope on 31 May 2017, as the flux increased by 40 times above average. [8]
The object has a redshift of z = 0.034. [5] Mrk 501 is an extremely variable source of gamma rays, undergoing violent outbursts. [5] During an outburst in 1997, it was the brightest object in the sky in the very-high-energy gamma ray region of the spectrum, at energies above 10 11 eV (100 GeV). [6]