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The causes of belief perseverance remain unclear. Experiments in the 2010s suggest that neurochemical processes in the brain underlie the strong attentional bias of reward learning. Similar processes could underlie belief perseverance. [30] Peter Marris suggests that the process of abandoning a conviction is similar to the working out of grief.
Vietnamese folk religion (Vietnamese: tín ngưỡng dân gian Việt Nam) or Đạo Lương (道良) is a group of spiritual beliefs and practices adhered by the Vietnamese people. About 86% of the population in Vietnam are reported irreligious , [ 1 ] but are associated with this tradition.
On 13 March 1964, Nhất Hạnh and the monks at An Quang Pagoda founded the Institute of Higher Buddhist Studies (Học Viện Phật Giáo Việt Nam), with the UBCV's support and endorsement. [13] Renamed Vạn Hanh Buddhist University, it was a private institution that taught Buddhist studies, Vietnamese culture, and languages, in Saigon.
Although according to a 1999 census most Vietnamese list themselves as having no religious affiliation, [7] religion, as defined by shared beliefs and practices, remains an integral part of Vietnamese life, [8] dictating the social behaviours and spiritual practices of Vietnamese individuals in Vietnam and abroad.
In Việt Điện U Linh Tập, Thánh Gióng is known as Sóc Thiên Vương (chữ Hán: 朔天王). This version does not specify when the story was set nor who was the enemy. It says in the old days, there was an enemy in the country, the king ordered his emissaries to find someone who can defeat the enemy.
The Đại Việt sử ký tục biên or the Cảnh Trị edition (1665), that was the era name of Lê Huyền Tông has a better status of conservation but the most popular and fully preserved version of Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư until now is the Chính Hòa edition (1697) which was the only woodblock printed version of this work. [12]
Ông Trời is referred to by many names depending on the religious circumstances. In South Vietnam, he is often called Ông Thiên (翁天). In Đạo Mẫu, he is called the Vua Cha Ngọc Hoàng (𢂜吒玉皇, Monarchical Father Ngọc Hoàng), as he is the father of Liễu Hạnh.
The Dai Viet forces suffered a defeat after facing Lan Xang-Lanna allied forces, which resulted in their troops diminishing. By November 1484, Thanh Tong and his forces had withdrawn back to Dai Viet. [ 53 ] [ 57 ] According to the Ming Shilu , in 1488 Burmese Ava embassy in China complained about Dai Viet's incursion into its territory.