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Boniface IX died in 1404 after a brief illness. [4] Boniface IX was a frank politician, strapped for cash like the other princes of Europe, as the costs of modern warfare rose and supporters needed to be encouraged by gifts, for fourteenth-century government depended upon such personal support as a temporal ruler could gather and retain.
The 1404 papal conclave (October 10 to October 17) – the papal conclave of the time of the Great Western Schism, convened after the death of Pope Boniface IX, it elected Cardinal Cosimo Gentile Migliorati, who under the name of Innocent VII became the third pope of the Roman Obedience.
Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) Pope Martin V (1417–1431) Pope Paul III (1534–1549) Pope Julius III (1550–1555) Pope Marcellus II (1555) Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585) Pope Sixtus V (1585–1590) Pope Urban VII (1590) Pope Innocent IX (1591) Pope Clement VIII (1592–1605) Pope Paul V (1605–1621) Pope Gregory XV (1621–1623) Pope ...
Establishing cardinal-bishops as the sole electors of the pope. [2] 1079 Libertas ecclesiae ("The liberty of the Church") Gregory VII: About Church's independence from imperial authority and interference. 1079 Antiqua sanctorum patrum ("The old (traces of the) holy fathers") Granted the church of Lyon primacy over the churches of Gaul. 1095 ...
A collection of popes have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to an alleged beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found. Martyr popes This list is incomplete ; you ...
There have been eight popes and one antipope named Boniface. Pope Boniface I (r. 418–422) Pope Boniface II (530–532) Pope Boniface III (607) Pope Boniface IV (608–615) Pope Boniface V (619–625) Pope Boniface VI (896) Antipope Boniface VII (984–985) (now listed as an antipope) Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) Pope Boniface IX (1389–1404)
Pope Urban VI. Pope Urban VI (r. 1378–1389) created 42 cardinals in four consistories held throughout his pontificate. In 1381 he named his future successor Pope Boniface IX as a cardinal.
[1] [2] At least 15, and possibly as many as 19 cardinal-nephews were later elected pope (Gregory IX, Alexander IV, Adrian V, Gregory XI, Boniface IX, Innocent VII, Eugene IV, Paul II, Alexander VI, Pius III, Julius II, Leo X, Clement VII, Benedict XIII, and Pius VII, perhaps also John XIX, Benedict IX, if they were really promoted cardinals ...