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The bank was founded by Emperor Pedro II on 12 January 1861, as Caixa Economica e Monte de Socorro in Rio de Janeiro as a financial institution destined to collect national savings, mostly from the poor. Over the years, several similar institutions were created, until most of them were merged into present-day Caixa Econômica in 1967.
Caixa Geral de Depósitos' headquarters in Lisbon. A Caixa Geral de Depósitos building in Porto. 1876 — Caixa Geral de Depósitos was founded under the aegis of the Junta de Crédito Público. 1880 — Caixa Económica Portuguesa was founded as a savings bank for Portugal's poorer classes. 1885 — The two Caixas merged.