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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 February 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named. Friedrich Engels, who co-developed Marxism. Marxism is a political philosophy and method of ...
Karl Marx [a] (German: [kaʁl maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.He is best-known for the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (written with Friedrich Engels), and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894), a critique of classical political economy which employs his theory of historical ...
Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence is a 1978 book by the philosopher G. A. Cohen, [1] the culmination of his attempts to reformulate Karl Marx's doctrines of alienation, exploitation, and historical materialism. [2] Cohen, who interprets Marxism as a scientific theory of history, [3] applies the techniques of analytic philosophy to the ...
Marx based his theory of history on the necessity of labor to ensure physical survival. In The German Ideology , Marx wrote that the first historical act was the production of means to satisfy material needs and that labor is a "fundamental condition of all history, which today, as thousands of years ago, must daily and hourly be fulfilled ...
Marxist historiography, or historical materialist historiography, is an influential school of historiography.The chief tenets of Marxist historiography include the centrality of social class, social relations of production in class-divided societies that struggle against each other, and economic constraints in determining historical outcomes (historical materialism).
Henceforth, this was the task which Marx and Engels, the pre-eminent Marxist theoreticians, set themselves. Thus, in a review of Capital , Marx's life work, which Engels wrote for the Rheinische Zeitung , [ 3 ] he emphasised its importance for the German Social-Democrats, describing "the present book as their theoretical bible , as the armoury ...
Various Marxist authors have focused on Marx's method of analysis and presentation (historical materialist and logically dialectical) as key factors both in understanding the range and incisiveness of Karl Marx's writing in general, his critique of political economy, as well as Grundrisse and Das Kapital in particular.
[1] From the late 19th century onward, Marxism has developed from Marx's original revolutionary critique of classical political economy and materialist conception of history into a comprehensive, complete world-view. [1] There are now many different branches and schools of thought, resulting in a discord of the single definitive Marxist theory. [2]