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The pinworm has a worldwide distribution, [25] and is the cause of the most common helminthiasis (parasitic worm infection) in the United States, western Europe, and Oceania. [21] In the United States, a study by the Center of Disease Control reported an overall incidence rate of 11.4% among children. [21]
Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites , which are broadly classified into tapeworms , flukes , and roundworms .
Major groups of parasites include protozoans (organisms having only one cell) and parasitic worms (helminths). Of these, protozoans, including cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora, are most common in HIV-infected persons. Each of these parasites can infect the digestive tract, and sometimes two or more can cause infection at the same time.
The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria from genus Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica; then it is called amoebiasis. [1] Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, other protozoa, or parasitic worms. [2] It may spread between people. [4]
Lymphatic filariasis is a human disease caused by parasitic worms known as filarial worms. [2] [3] Usually acquired in childhood, it is a leading cause of permanent disability worldwide, impacting over a hundred million people and manifesting itself in a variety of severe clinical pathologies [6] [7] While most cases have no symptoms, some people develop a syndrome called elephantiasis, which ...
Enthesopathy of the pelvis likely due to ankylosing spondylitis Enthesopathy can occur at the shoulder, elbow, wrist, carpus , hip, knee, ankle, tarsus , or heel bone , among other regions. Enthesopathies may take the form of spondyloarthropathies (joint diseases of the spine) such as ankylosing spondylitis , or psoriatic arthritis , plantar ...
The cause of a pinworm infection is the worm Enterobius vermicularis. The entire lifecycle – from egg to adult – takes place in the human gastrointestinal tract of a single human host. [ 12 ] [ 17 ] This process is two to eight weeks.
As the worm emerges, the open blister often becomes infected with bacteria, resulting in redness and swelling; the formation of abscesses; or, in severe cases, gangrene, sepsis, or tetanus. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] When the secondary infection is near a joint (typically the ankle), the damage to the joint can result in stiffness , arthritis , or contractures .