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Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
Characteristics of wet beriberi include prominent edema and cardiac involvement, whereas dry beriberi is mainly characterized by a polyneuritis. [103] In industrialized nations, thiamine deficiency is a clinically significant problem in individuals with chronic alcoholism or other disorders that interfere with normal ingestion of food. [106]
After the introduction of thiamine-enriched rice, the experimental area received significant results. Mortality rate in beriberi significantly decreased after the introduction of the nutrient-enriched white rice from July 1, 1948, to June 30, 1950.
Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B 1, is a vitamin – an essential micronutrient for humans and animals. [1] [3] [4] It is found in food and commercially synthesized to be a dietary supplement or medication. [1] Phosphorylated forms of thiamine are required for some metabolic reactions, including the breakdown of glucose and amino ...
Severe deficiency causes beriberi, which became prevalent in Asia as more people adopted a diet primarily of white rice. Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are forms of beriberi. Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency
Casimir Funk, who helped elucidate the role of thiamin in the etiology of beriberi, was an early investigator of the problem of pellagra. Funk suggested that a change in the method of milling corn was responsible for the outbreak of pellagra, [ 56 ] but no attention was paid to his article on this subject.
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Transketolase activity decreases due to thiamine deficiency, generally due to malnutrition. Several diseases are associated with thiamine deficiency, including beriberi, biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD), [5] Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, and others (see thiamine for a comprehensive listing).