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All square triangular numbers have the form , where is a convergent to the continued fraction expansion of , the square root of 2. [4]A. V. Sylwester gave a short proof that there are infinitely many square triangular numbers: If the th triangular number (+) is square, then so is the larger (+) th triangular number, since:
For example, the third triangular number is (3 × 2 =) 6, the seventh is (7 × 4 =) 28, the 31st is (31 × 16 =) 496, and the 127th is (127 × 64 =) 8128. The final digit of a triangular number is 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, or 8, and thus such numbers never end in 2, 4, 7, or 9. A final 3 must be preceded by a 0 or 5; a final 8 must be preceded by a 2 or 7.
In mathematics, Legendre's three-square theorem states that a natural number can be represented as the sum of three squares of integers. if and only if n is not of the form for nonnegative integers a and b. The first numbers that cannot be expressed as the sum of three squares (i.e. numbers that can be expressed as ) are. 7, 15, 23, 28, 31, 39 ...
Each centered triangular number has a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, and the quotient (if positive) is the previous regular triangular number. Each centered triangular number from 10 onwards is the sum of three consecutive regular triangular numbers. For n > 2, the sum of the first n centered triangular numbers is the magic constant for an n ...
A square whose side length is a triangular number can be partitioned into squares and half-squares whose areas add to cubes. From Gulley (2010).The nth coloured region shows n squares of dimension n by n (the rectangle is 1 evenly divided square), hence the area of the nth region is n times n x n.
In additive number theory, the Fermat polygonal number theorem states that every positive integer is a sum of at most n n -gonal numbers. That is, every positive integer can be written as the sum of three or fewer triangular numbers, and as the sum of four or fewer square numbers, and as the sum of five or fewer pentagonal numbers, and so on.
The term figurate number is used by different writers for members of different sets of numbers, generalizing from triangular numbers to different shapes (polygonal numbers) and different dimensions (polyhedral numbers). The term can mean. polygonal number. a number represented as a discrete r -dimensional regular geometric pattern of r ...
Polygonal number. In mathematics, a polygonal number is a number that counts dots arranged in the shape of a regular polygon [1]: 2-3 . These are one type of 2-dimensional figurate numbers. Polygonal numbers were first studied during the 6th century BC by the Ancient Greeks, who investigated and discussed properties of oblong, triangular, and ...