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UpSet plots became popular as they became available as an R-library based on ggplot2, [3] and were subsequently re-implemented in various programming languages, such as Python, and others. [4] As of January 2024, UpSetR has been downloaded from CRAN more than 1.5 million times, although it was last updated 5 years ago. [5]
If an input variable has no effect on the output, its states (e.g., low & high) would lie on top of each other on the SimDec histogram, occupying fully overlapping ranges of the output. If an input variable has a strong effect and explains most of the variance of the output, the border between its states on the SimDec histogram would be vertical.
ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
In statistics, the Bhattacharyya distance is a quantity which represents a notion of similarity between two probability distributions. [1] It is closely related to the Bhattacharyya coefficient, which is a measure of the amount of overlap between two statistical samples or populations.
Sturges's rule [1] is a method to choose the number of bins for a histogram.Given observations, Sturges's rule suggests using ^ = + bins in the histogram. This rule is widely employed in data analysis software including Python [2] and R, where it is the default bin selection method.
where is the histogram approximation of on the interval computed with data points sampled from the distribution . E [ ⋅ ] {\displaystyle E[\cdot ]} denotes the expectation across many independent draws of n {\displaystyle n} data points.
Image source: Getty Images. 1. Lockheed Martin. After its stock price reached an all-time high earlier this year, Lockheed Martin and its defense contractor peers have sold off considerably over ...
The HOG descriptor is then the concatenated vector of the components of the normalized cell histograms from all of the block regions. These blocks typically overlap, meaning that each cell contributes more than once to the final descriptor. Two main block geometries exist: rectangular R-HOG blocks and circular C-HOG blocks.