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The pathological mechanism by which frostbite causes body tissue injury can be characterized by four stages: Prefreeze, freeze-thaw, vascular stasis, and the late ischemic stage. [16] Prefreeze phase: involves the cooling of tissues without ice crystal formation. [16] Freeze-thaw phase: ice-crystals form, resulting in cellular damage and death ...
The treatment of human lice is the removal of head lice parasites from human hair. It has been debated and studied for centuries. It has been debated and studied for centuries. However, the number of cases of human louse infestations (or pediculosis ) has increased worldwide since the mid-1960s, reaching hundreds of millions annually. [ 1 ]
Frostbite involves freezing of fluids inside and outside of cells that results in cell breakdown, electrolyte imbalances, and inflammation. [8] Surrounding blood vessel constriction and injury disrupts blood flow to affected tissue, which may cause tissue death . [11]
Head lice bites on the back of the neck Adult male (left) and female (right) head lice. Head lice are generally uncomfortable, but typically do not constitute a serious condition. [7] The most common symptom is itching of the head, which normally worsens 3 to 4 weeks after the initial infestation. The bite reaction is very mild, and it can be ...
Hypothremia can happen in just minutes, and death can occur in under an hour. While it is most likely at very cold temperatures, it can occur even at cool temperatures above 40 degrees if a person ...
Complications and death due to relapsing fever are rare. [citation needed] Tetracycline-class antibiotics are most effective. These can, however, induce a Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction in over half of those treated, producing anxiety, diaphoresis, fever, tachycardia and tachypnea with an initial pressor response followed rapidly by hypotension.
Lice have no wings or powerful legs for jumping, so they use the claws on their legs to move from hair to hair. [27] Normally, head lice infest a new host only by close contact between individuals, making social contacts among children and parent-child interactions more likely routes of infestation than shared combs, hats, brushes, towels ...
Accordingly, the infestation with head lice is named pediculosis capitis, while this with body lice, pediculosis corporis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although pediculosis in humans may properly refer to lice infestation of any part of the body, the term is sometimes used loosely to refer to pediculosis capitis , the infestation of the human head with the ...