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The parotid glands are a pair of mainly serous salivary glands located below and in front of each ear canal, draining their secretions into the vestibule of the mouth through the parotid duct. [3] Each gland lies behind the mandibular ramus and in front of the mastoid process of the temporal bone .
The parotid duct is formed when several interlobular ducts, the largest ducts inside the parotid gland, join.It emerges from the parotid gland. It runs forward along the lateral side of the masseter muscle for around 7 cm. [2] In this course, the duct is surrounded by the buccal fat pad.
The parotid fascia is described as consisting of an outer leaf and an inner leaf that are formed by a split of the deep cervical fascia: the outer leaf represents parotideomasseteric fascia and extends superiorly to the zygomatic arch; the parotid fascia is said to be considered the parotid capsule where it covers the gland while anteriorly to ...
The submandibular glands (previously known as submaxillary glands) are a pair of major salivary glands located beneath the lower jaws, superior to the digastric muscles. [6] The secretion produced is a mixture of both serous fluid and mucus , and enters the oral cavity via the submandibular duct or Wharton duct. [ 7 ]
Each parotid gland is located high in the neck just below the ears. [1] A salivary duct by which saliva is secreted (produced and released), runs through the inside of each cheek from each gland. Furthermore, the extratemporal (outside temporal bone) facial nerve and its subsidiaries run through the parotid gland and innervate (supply nerves to ...
The parotid fascia (or parotid capsule [1]) is a tough [2] fascia enclosing the parotid gland. [1] [2] [3] It has a superficial layer and a deep layer.[1]Current scientific knowledge regards the superficial layer to be continuous with the fascia of the platysma, and the deep layer to be derived from the deep cervical fascia.
Pneumoparotitis is often misdiagnosed and incorrectly managed. [5] The diagnosis is based mainly on the history. [1] Crepitus may be elicited on palpation of the parotid swelling, [1] and massaging the gland may give rise to frothy saliva or air bubbles from the parotid papilla. [1]
First bite syndrome is a rare complication of a surgery involving the parapharyngeal space, especially removal of the deep lobe of the parotid gland. It is characterized by facial pain after the first bite of each meal, and is thought to be caused by autonomic dysfunction of salivary myoepithelial cells.