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In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with a particular object or with all objects of that class.
In object-oriented programming, association defines a relationship between classes of objects that allows one object instance to cause another to perform an action on its behalf. This relationship is structural , because it specifies that objects of one kind are connected to objects of another and does not represent behaviour .
A reflexive association is a binary association between the class and itself. An association between more than two classes is represented as a diamond connected with a solid line to each of the associated classes. An association between three classes is a ternary association. An association between more classes is called an n-ary association.
Which class is responsible for creating objects is a fundamental property of the relationship between objects of particular classes. Problem: Who creates object A? Solution: In general, Assign class B the responsibility to create object A if one, or preferably more, of the following apply: Instances of B contain or compositely aggregate ...
In knowledge representation and ontology components, including for object-oriented programming and design, is-a (also written as is_a or is a) is a subsumptive [a] relationship between abstractions (e.g., types, classes), wherein one class A is a subclass of another class B (and so B is a superclass of A).
Composition over inheritance (or composite reuse principle) in object-oriented programming (OOP) is the principle that classes should favor polymorphic behavior and code reuse by their composition (by containing instances of other classes that implement the desired functionality) over inheritance from a base or parent class. [2]
The class A serves as a base class for the derived class B, which in turn serves as a base class for the derived class C. The class B is known as intermediate base class because it provides a link for the inheritance between A and C. The chain ABC is known as inheritance path. A derived class with multilevel inheritance is declared as follows:
An association represents a semantic relationship between instances of the associated classes. The member-end of an association corresponds to a property of the associated class. An aggregation is a kind of association that models a part/whole relationship between an aggregate (whole) and a group of related components (parts).