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  2. Calibration curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calibration_curve

    A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]

  3. Normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution

    The probability density, cumulative distribution, and inverse cumulative distribution of any function of one or more independent or correlated normal variables can be computed with the numerical method of ray-tracing [41] (Matlab code). In the following sections we look at some special cases.

  4. Smoothstep - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoothstep

    The characteristic S-shaped sigmoid curve is obtained with ⁡ only for integers n ≥ 1. The order of the polynomial in the general smoothstep is 2 n + 1. With n = 1, the slopes or first derivatives of the smoothstep are equal to zero at the left and right edge ( x = 0 and x = 1), where the curve is appended to the constant or saturated levels.

  5. Curve fitting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_fitting

    Curve fitting [1] [2] is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical function, that has the best fit to a series of data points, [3] possibly subject to constraints. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Curve fitting can involve either interpolation , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] where an exact fit to the data is required, or smoothing , [ 8 ] [ 9 ] in which a "smooth ...

  6. Comparison of numerical-analysis software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_numerical...

    Dynamic, interactive 2D/3D diagrams, programmable, VBA, high performances, multicore compatible, large data sets. FreeMat: Samit Basu 2004 4.2 30 June 2013: Free GPL: Codeless interface to external C, C++, and Fortran code. Mostly compatible with MATLAB. GAUSS: Aptech Systems 1984 21 8 December 2020: Not free Proprietary: GNU Data Language ...

  7. Skew normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew_normal_distribution

    The exponentially modified normal distribution is another 3-parameter distribution that is a generalization of the normal distribution to skewed cases. The skew normal still has a normal-like tail in the direction of the skew, with a shorter tail in the other direction; that is, its density is asymptotically proportional to for some positive .

  8. Log-normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-normal_distribution

    In probability theory, a log-normal (or lognormal) distribution is a continuous probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is normally distributed.Thus, if the random variable X is log-normally distributed, then Y = ln(X) has a normal distribution.

  9. Pearson distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson_distribution

    A Pearson density p is defined to be any valid solution to the differential equation (cf. Pearson 1895, p. 381) ′ () + + + + = ()with: =, = = +, =. According to Ord, [3] Pearson devised the underlying form of Equation (1) on the basis of, firstly, the formula for the derivative of the logarithm of the density function of the normal distribution (which gives a linear function) and, secondly ...