Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Phenazopyridine is a medication which, when excreted by the kidneys into the urine, has a local analgesic effect on the urinary tract. It is often used to help with the pain , irritation , or urgency caused by urinary tract infections , surgery , or injury to the urinary tract.
Hematuria (red blood cells in the urine) [11] Proteinuria (protein in the urine) ranging from sub-nephrotic (<3.5 g/day) to >10 g/day, [7] although it is rarely above nephrotic range proteinuria levels. [12] Hypertension [13] resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. [14] Blurred vision [4]
They appear to result from decreased blood flow to the kidney, rapid consumption of antioxidants, and subsequent oxidative damage to the kidney. This kidney damage may lead to progressive chronic kidney failure , abnormal urinalysis results, high blood pressure , and anemia .
"Hypertensive" refers to high blood pressure and "nephropathy" means damage to the kidney; hence this condition is where chronic high blood pressure causes damages to kidney tissue; this includes the small blood vessels, glomeruli, kidney tubules and interstitial tissues. The tissue hardens and thickens which is known as nephrosclerosis. [2]
High levels of urea in the blood, which can result in: Vomiting or diarrhea (or both) that may lead to dehydration; Nausea; Weight loss; Nocturnal urination ; More frequent urination, or in greater amounts than usual, with pale urine; Less frequent urination, or in smaller amounts than usual, with dark coloured urine; Blood in the urine
Common causes of ATN include low blood pressure and use of nephrotoxic drugs. [2] The presence of "muddy brown casts" of epithelial cells found in the urine during urinalysis is pathognomonic for ATN. [3] Management relies on aggressive treatment of the factors that precipitated ATN (e.g. hydration and cessation of the offending drug).
When renin levels are elevated, the concentrations of angiotensin II and aldosterone increase, leading to increased sodium chloride reabsorption, expansion of the extracellular fluid compartment, and an increase in blood pressure. Conversely, when renin levels are low, angiotensin II and aldosterone levels decrease, contracting the ...
Without such a concentrated medulla, water has less of an osmotic driving force to leave the collecting duct system, ultimately resulting in increased urine production. Loop diuretics cause a decrease in the renal blood flow by this mechanism. This diuresis leaves less water to be reabsorbed into the blood, resulting in a decrease in blood volume.