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A hydraulic fluid or hydraulic liquid is the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic machinery. Common hydraulic fluids are based on mineral oil or water. [ 1 ] Examples of equipment that might use hydraulic fluids are excavators and backhoes , hydraulic brakes , power steering systems, automatic transmissions , garbage trucks ...
Electrorheological (ER) fluids are suspensions of extremely fine non-conducting but electrically active particles (up to 50 micrometres diameter) in an electrically insulating fluid. The apparent viscosity of these fluids changes reversibly by an order of up to 100,000 in response to an electric field .
Liquid dielectrics are self-healing; when an electric breakdown occurs, the discharge channel does not leave a permanent conductive trace in the fluid. The electrical properties tend to be strongly influenced by dissolved gases (e.g. oxygen or carbon dioxide ), dust, fibers, and especially ionic impurities and moisture .
The story of the introduction of Skydrol type fluids in civil aviation is covered in a Kindle book entitled "The Skydrol Story", [6] in which it describes how the Vickers Vanguard was the first non US built aircraft to introduce Skydrol as a hydraulic fluid when Trans-Canada Air Lines adopted it for their Vanguard fleet.
Silicone oils are primarily used as lubricants, thermic fluid oils or hydraulic fluids. They are excellent electrical insulators [ 2 ] and, unlike their carbon analogues, are non- flammable . Their temperature stability and good heat-transfer characteristics make them widely used in laboratories for heating baths ("oil baths") placed on top of ...
Because it is noncompressible, mineral oil is used as a hydraulic fluid in hydraulic machinery and vehicles. The dielectric constant of mineral oil ranges from 2.3 at 50 °C (122 °F) to 2.1 at 200 °C (392 °F). [22] Electric space heaters sometimes use mineral oil as a heat transfer oil.