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Phenazopyridine is a medication which, when excreted by the kidneys into the urine, has a local analgesic effect on the urinary tract. It is often used to help with the pain , irritation , or urgency caused by urinary tract infections , surgery , or injury to the urinary tract.
They appear to result from decreased blood flow to the kidney, rapid consumption of antioxidants, and subsequent oxidative damage to the kidney. This kidney damage may lead to progressive chronic kidney failure , abnormal urinalysis results, high blood pressure , and anemia .
Hematuria (red blood cells in the urine) [11] Proteinuria (protein in the urine) ranging from sub-nephrotic (<3.5 g/day) to >10 g/day, [7] although it is rarely above nephrotic range proteinuria levels. [12] Hypertension [13] resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. [14] Blurred vision [4]
Medications, like Rifampin and Pyridium, turn pee orange, for example. “Excessive intake of beets, as well as blood in the urine, may turn the urine red, and intake of certain supplements also ...
Common causes of ATN include low blood pressure and use of nephrotoxic drugs. [2] The presence of "muddy brown casts" of epithelial cells found in the urine during urinalysis is pathognomonic for ATN. [3] Management relies on aggressive treatment of the factors that precipitated ATN (e.g. hydration and cessation of the offending drug).
As blood pressure increases, the kidney removes the excess fluid as urine. Sodium, chloride and potassium are excreted in osmotic diuresis, originating from diabetes mellitus (DM). Osmotic diuresis results in dehydration from polyuria and the classic polydipsia (excessive thirst) associated with DM. [3]
"Hypertensive" refers to high blood pressure and "nephropathy" means damage to the kidney; hence this condition is where chronic high blood pressure causes damages to kidney tissue; this includes the small blood vessels, glomeruli, kidney tubules and interstitial tissues. The tissue hardens and thickens which is known as nephrosclerosis. [2]
Special biochemical tests (arterial blood gas) can determine the amount of dissolved gases in the blood, indicating if pH imbalances are acute or chronic. [ 34 ] Urinalysis is a test that studies urine for abnormal substances such as protein or signs of infection. [ 35 ]