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Knee replacement surgery can be performed as a partial or a total knee replacement. [3] In general, the surgery consists of replacing the diseased or damaged joint surfaces of the knee with metal and plastic components shaped to allow continued motion of the knee.
Joint replacement is considered as a treatment when severe joint pain or dysfunction is not alleviated by less-invasive therapies. Joint replacement surgery is often indicated from various joint diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. [citation needed] Joint replacement has become more common, mostly with knee and hip ...
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the standard of care. However, in SONK, often just one side of the knee joint is afflicted, so unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be considered as an alternative that leads to a shorter recovery time. [ 3 ]
The partial replacement does not disrupt the knee cap, which makes for a shorter rehabilitation period. A partial replacement also causes minimal blood loss during the procedure, and results in considerably less post-operative pain. The hospitalization time compared with a total knee replacement is also greatly reduced. [1] [3] [5]
Stem cells enable surgeons to grow replacement cartilage, which gives the new tissue greater growth potential. [11] [12] While there are few long-term studies as of 2018, a history of knee problems [13] and body weight are factors for how well the procedure will work. [14]
The knee is a modified hinge joint, a type of synovial joint, which is composed of three functional compartments: the patellofemoral articulation, consisting of the patella, or "kneecap", and the patellar groove on the front of the femur through which it slides; and the medial and lateral tibiofemoral articulations linking the femur, or thigh bone, with the tibia, the main bone of the lower ...