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Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis (also called Toxicodendron dermatitis or Rhus dermatitis) is a type of allergic contact dermatitis caused by the oil urushiol found in various plants, most notably sumac family species of the genus Toxicodendron: poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, and the Chinese lacquer tree. [1]
The leaves and stems of the western poison oak plant (Toxicodendron) can release an oil called urushiol. It gets on your skin if you touch the plant but some people also breathe in.
Urushiol in its pure form is a pale-yellow liquid with a density of about 0.968 g/mL and a boiling point of 200 °C (392 °F). It is soluble in diethyl ether, acetone, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, and benzene. [12] [13] Urushiol is a mixture of several closely related organic compounds.
Those affected can unknowingly spread the urushiol inside the house, on phones, door knobs, couches, counters, desks, and so on, thus in fact repeatedly coming into contact with poison ivy and extending the length of time of the rash. If this happens, the surfaces should be wiped with bleach or a commercial urushiol removal agent.
"The urushiol oil can remain on clothing for many years and can still be potent enough to cause skin reactions," says Dr. Amy Huang, MD, a board-certified dermatologist with Medical Offices of ...
Poison ivy. What it looks like: Poison ivy is a type of allergic contact dermatitis that is caused by the oil (urushiol oil) in the poison ivy plant, explains Karan Lal, D.O., M.S., F.A.A.D ...
An urushiol rash usually develops within a week of exposure and can last 1–4 weeks, depending on severity and treatment. In rare cases, urushiol reactions may require hospitalization. [36] Urushiol oil can remain active for several years, so handling dead leaves or vines can cause a reaction.
[4] [5] After more testing the cleanser was proven successful at removing the rash-causing oil found in the resin urushiol of the native plants poison oak, poison ivy, and poison sumac from skin, clothing, and pets’ fur. [6] Smith also learned that the cleanser removed grease, pitch, sap and even skunk odor. [3]