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White phosphorus, yellow phosphorus or simply tetraphosphorus (P 4) exists as molecules of four phosphorus atoms in a tetrahedral structure, joined by six phosphorus—phosphorus single bonds. [1] The free P 4 molecule in the gas phase has a P-P bond length of r g = 2.1994(3) Å as was determined by gas electron diffraction . [ 2 ]
Phosphorus is classified as a pnictogen, together with nitrogen, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and moscovium. Phosphorus is an element essential to sustaining life largely through phosphates, compounds containing the phosphate ion, PO 4 3−. Phosphates are a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, and phospholipids, complex compounds fundamental to cells.
The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n+2−2x P n O 3n+1−x, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 . Pyrophosphate anion. Trimethyl orthophosphate.
Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure.. Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other' and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
A phosphoryl group is a trivalent >P(=O)− group, consisting of a phosphorus atom (symbol P) and an oxygen atom (symbol O), where the three free valencies are on the phosphorus atom. While commonly depicted as possessing a double bond (P=O) the bonding is in fact non-classical. [1]
Phosphorus comprises 0.1% by mass of the average rock [12] (while, for perspective, its typical concentration in vegetation is 0.03% to 0.2%), [13] and consequently there are quadrillions of tons of phosphorus in Earth's 3×10 19-ton crust, [14] albeit at predominantly lower concentration than the deposits counted as reserves, which are ...
Vegetables, the second largest food group in many nutrition guides, come in a wide variety of shapes, colors and sizes. Food groups categorise foods for educational purposes, usually grouping together foods with similar nutritional properties or biological classifications. Food groups are often used in nutrition guides, although the number of ...
Most notably, phytic acid functions as a phosphorus store, as an energy store, as a source of cations and as a source of myo-inositol (a cell wall precursor). Phytic acid is the principal storage form of phosphorus in plant seeds.