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Tokyo Detention House. Within the criminal justice system of Japan, there exist three basic features that characterize its operations.First, the institutions—police, government prosecutors' offices, courts, and correctional organs—maintain close and cooperative relations with each other, consulting frequently on how best to accomplish the shared goals of limiting and controlling crime.
The penal system of Japan (including prisons) is part of the criminal justice system of Japan. It is intended to resocialize , reform , rehabilitate and punish offenders. The penal system is operated by the Correction Bureau of the Ministry of Justice .
Ritsuryō (律令, Japanese: [ɾitsɯɾʲoː]) is the historical legal system based on the philosophies of Confucianism and Chinese Legalism in Feudal Japan. The political system in accord to Ritsuryō is called "Ritsuryō-sei" (律令制). Kyaku (格) are amendments of Ritsuryō, Shiki (式) are enactments.
The criminal penal code refers to the criminal code relating to the punishment of acts that are thought of as morally wrong and are considered punishable. In Japanese law, in addition to the criminal code, explosives control and punishment for violent acts, etc. belong to the criminal penal code.
In the Empire of Japan, the criminal investigation was presided over by prosecutors, like the ministère public does in French law. With the 1947 Police Law ( 警察法 [ ja ] ) and the 1948 Code of Criminal Procedure ( 刑事訴訟法 [ ja ] ), the responsibility of investigation has been defined to be uniquely assigned to police officers.
Ikai as a system was the indication of the rank of bureaucrats and officials in countries that inherited (class system). Currently, the Japanese court ranks and titles are among the types of honours conferred to those who have held government posts for a long time and to those who have made distinguished achievements.
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In 1872, Japan introduced a modern prosecution system following the French system. [6] The 1880 Act provided that public prosecutors had exclusive power of prosecution and it was enforced in 1882. [6] However, the then system adopted preliminary hearings and collection of evidence was placed on pretrial judges. [6]