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Most Baptists are evangelical in doctrine, but their beliefs may vary due to the congregational governance system that gives autonomy to individual local Baptist churches. [75] Historically, Baptists have played a key role in encouraging religious freedom and the doctrine of separation of church and state.
The churches that descended from Helwys were of the General Baptist persuasion. Baptist historian Tom J. Nettles argues that Helwys and his group "earned the name General Baptists" because they "claimed that Christ died for all men rather than for the elect only". [17] This is seen as a step away from fully Calvinist commitments.
The Frontier Camp Meeting: Religion's Harvest Time (1955) online edition; Kidd, Thomas S. and Barry Hankins. Baptists in America: A History (2015) Leonard, Bill J. Baptist Ways: A History (2003), comprehensive international history; Leonard, Bill J. Baptists in America. (2005), general survey and history by leading Southern Baptist
Hemerobaptists (Heb. Tovelei Shaḥarit; 'Morning Bathers') were an ancient religious sect that practiced daily baptism.They were likely a division of the Essenes. [10] In the Clementine Homilies (ii. 23), John the Baptist and his disciples are mentioned as Hemerobaptists.
Baptists practice believer's baptism and the Lord's Supper (communion) as the ordinances instituted in Scripture (Matthew 28:19; 1 Corinthians 11:23-26). [5] [additional citation(s) needed] Most Baptists call them "ordinances" (meaning "obedience to a command that Christ has given us") [6] [7] instead of "sacraments" (activities God uses to impart salvation or a means of grace to the participant).
Baptists, being a minority in Connecticut, were still required to pay fees to support the Congregationalist majority. The Baptists found this intolerable. The Baptists, well aware of Jefferson's own unorthodox beliefs, sought him as an ally in making all religious expression a fundamental human right and not a matter of government largesse.
* While 58% of members and 62% of church leaders think the government should not support a specific religion or religious beliefs, 36% of members and 33% of church leaders disagreed.
Originally, Baptists supported separation of church and state in England and America. [1] [2] Some important Baptist figures in the struggle were John Smyth, Thomas Helwys, Edward Wightman, Leonard Busher, Roger Williams (who was a Baptist for a short period but became a "Seeker"), John Clarke, Isaac Backus, and John Leland.