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The White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيض an-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in Africa, the minor of the two main tributaries of the Nile, the larger being the Blue Nile. [4] The name "White" comes from the clay sediment carried in the water that changes the water to a pale color.
The White Nile Expedition, led by South African national Hendrik Coetzee, navigated the White Nile's entire length of approximately 3,700 kilometres (2,300 mi). The expedition began at the White Nile's beginning at Lake Victoria in Uganda, on 17 January 2004 and arrived at the Mediterranean in Rosetta, four and a half months later. [89]
Satellite image showing the location of the dam in relation to Lake Victoria Construction of the Owen Falls Dam in early 1950s. Nalubaale Power Station, formerly known as Owen Falls Dam, is a hydroelectric power station across the White Nile near its source at Lake Victoria in Uganda.
A map of Africa, published by John Cary in 1805, showing the Mountains of the Moon Anthony Finley's map of 1827 owes much to that of Cary, once again depicting the Mountains of the Moon as the source of the White Nile. Rwenzori Mountains. It was not until modern times that Europeans resumed their search for the source of the Nile.
The Blue Nile [note 1] is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia.It travels for approximately 1,450 km (900 mi) through Ethiopia and Sudan.Along with the White Nile, it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile and supplies about 85.6% of the water to the Nile during the rainy season.
The most remote source that is indisputably a source for the White Nile is the Kagera River, which was discovered by German explorer Oscar Baumann, and geographically determined in 1937 by Burkhart Waldecker; [20] however, the Kagera has tributaries that are in contention for the farthest source of the White Nile.
The White Nile passes through the country, passing by the capital city of Juba. [5] Half the water of the White Nile is lost in the swamps as vegetation absorbs it or animals drink it. The Sudd, the Bahr el Ghazal and the Sobat River swamps provide a significant resource for wild animals, as well as livestock.
In the past, Lake Kivu drained toward the north, contributing to the White Nile. About 13,000 to 9,000 years ago, volcanic activity blocked Lake Kivu's outlet to the watershed of the Nile. [5] The volcanism produced mountains, including the Virungas, which rose between Lake Kivu and Lake Edward, to the north. [6]